Friday, August 27, 2021

Completing Service Bulletin SB-00023 WD-1221 Engine Mount Standoff Inspection/Replacement

Service Bulletin SB-00023 involves inspection/replacement of the RV-12’s WD-1221 upper engine mount standoff. There have been a few RV-12 aircraft that have developed cracks near weldments on the WD-1221 upper engine mount standoff discovered during inspections. Van’s took quick action and redesigned the WD-1221 using tubing double the thickness thereby “theoretically” making the areas where the cracking occurs much more robust.

Service Bulletin SB-00023 requires inspections of the WD-1221 upper engine mount standoff be conducted every 100 hours and ongoing log book entries be made unless a crack is found … which, if discovered, requires a mandatory replacement using the new WD-01221-1 upper engine mount standoff. Figured while I still had access to the engine hoist I borrowed from Tom (a fellow RV builder at the airport putting the finishing touches on his RV-10 for his first flight), may just as well go ahead and replace the WD-1221 standoff (even though mine is not cracked) and just be done with it.

All and all, with the exception of dealing with the two sets of double Adel clamps that attach onto the WD-1221 upper engine mount standoff, the process of changing out the standoff was not all that difficult. Fortunately, no fuel, oil lines or wiring needed to be removed (all those items were installed following Van’s suggested path). It was tight but there was enough room to shoehorn the old mount out and install the new mount without jumping through a lot of hoops.

Design and outward visual appearance of the two upper engine mount standoffs seem identical ….however, the new standoff appears to have a tiny hole on the endcap. The new part number for the redesigned WD-1221 upper engine mount standoff is now WD-01221-1. The following  photo shows the new WD-01221-1 standoff and the next two photos show the existing WD-1221 standoff and Adel clamp placement.

As one can see from this photo of the new WD-01221-1 upper engine mount standoff it visually looks identical to the original, which can be viewed in the two Adel clamp photos bellow.

Photo of the pair of Adel clamps used to secure the main firewall forward wiring harness to the WD-1221 upper engine mount standoff. Reattaching these Adel clamps after the upper engine mount has been changed out will be a challenge. Fortunately, there are tricks that help ease the pain … but it still presents a challenge because there is not a lot of room for good access.

This photo is of the second pair of Adel clamps attached to the WD-1221 standoff … these clamps are used to secure the throttle and choke cables to the WD-1221 upper engine standoff.

Unfortunately, accessing the bolts that secure the WD-1221 upper engine mount standoff to the firewall requires removing the F-1240 upper forward fuselage skin. Once the F-1240 upper forward fuselage skin is removed, closing the canopy will allow great access to the WD-1221 standoff’s mounting bolt heads … as such, this can be done as a one person operation. There was one unexpected complication involving removal of the two mounting bolts that created a little extra work. The bolts could not be completely removed because they contacted the F-00055 com supports.  Solving this issue required placing a sawhorse under the tail cone and jacking the engine until the tail cone contacts the sawhorse … then jacking just a little more causing the isolation mounts to separate from the WD-1221 standoff so the isolation mounts could be removed to garner the enough room to slide the WD-1221 standoff forward far enough to clear the bolts protruding the firewall. Guess I could have bent the lower ear on the com supports … but really did not want to do that.

This photo shows how the F-00055 com supports prevent the mounting bolts from being completely removed.

This photo shows when the bolt was pulled aft to the point of touching the com support, there was still quite a bit of the bolt extending beyond the firewall.

With the WD-1221 upper engine mount standoff rotated upward, it can easily be fished out towards the left side of the aircraft.

The new WD-01221-1 upper  engine mount standoff is slid in from the pilot's side of the aircraft following the same path used to remove the old mount,  then it is rotated down and slid aft over the protruding bolts. Next the isolation mounts are reinstalled. Also of note: Rotax recommends replacing the rubber isolation mounts as part of their 5 year rubber replacement protocol …  so all of the engine’s isolation mounts have been replaced (forgot to mention that in the last posting). After all the bolts are inserted, the castle nuts are torqued to 160 in lbs … after torqueing to 160 in lbs, if a castellation is not yet aligned with the hole in the bolt, the castle nut is tightened more until a cotter pin can slide into the hole in the mounting bolt. The upper limit for the torque is 190 in lbs. so there should be enough margin to allow a castellation to align with the hole in the mounting bolt without over torqueing.

The new WD-01221-1 upper engine mount standoff installed and ready for the two pairs of double Adel clamps to be attached.

The new WD-01221-1 upper engine mount standoff completely installed … the new mount looks identical to the old WD-1221 standoff with the exception of the tiny hole in the endcap.

The last item left to do is reinstalling the two pairs of double Adel clamps … this is a challenge. Adel clamps are very springy and want to spring open so even if there is plenty of room to get your fingers on them, they are a challenge. That difficulty is upped dramatically when reinstalling the two pairs of Adel clamps onto the new WD-01221-1 upper engine mount standoff. There just is not much room for fingers and tools …. especially when reinstalling the two Adel clamps that support the firewall forward main wiring harness. Even using the tricks I know, reinstalling these Adel clamps was an exercise of patience.

Best photo I could get showing both double sets of Adel clamps attached to the new WD-01221-1 upper engine mount standoff.

Builder tip: The easiest way I have found to install double Adel clamps is to use Adel clamp pliers in conjunction with safety wire. First squeeze each Adel clamp separately and wrap a thin safety wire around the clamp to keep the clamp from fully opening when the pliers are removed. Then align the two clamps together and place the Adel pliers over the two clamps, tighten the pliers, then slide the alignment awl through the bolt holes in the clamps. When the holes are aligned, quickly remove the awl and insert the bolt. Here is where it gets a little dicey …. usually, the bolt is not long enough to allow a nut to be installed because the thickness of the Adel pliers takes up a lot of room. So what usually works well is to press down on the head of the bolt, then slide out the pliers and reposition pliers on top of the bolt head and tighten the pliers again. This should leave enough threads beyond the pliers to get a nut threaded onto the bolt. Once the nut has caught a few threads, remove Adel pliers and thread the nut on the bolt a little more. Next remove the safety wire, final position the Adel clamps, then tighten the mounting bolt. Below is a photo sequence of the steps involved.

Adel clamp pliers and the awl that comes with the pliers.

Using Adel clamp pliers to squeeze the clamp’s ears together so thin safety wire can be wrapped around the clamp. Leave the ends of the wire long so the wire can be unwrapped by easily by hand.

Example of how the awl that comes with the Adel clamp pliers is inserted through the holes of both Adel clamps to align the holes so a bolt can pass through the clamps.

As can be seen here, typically an AN3-3 bolt is not long enough to allow a nut to be threaded onto the bolt because of the thickness of the pliers.

Once the AN3-3 bolt is inserted through the pliers and Adel clamps,  forcefully press down on the bolt head then remove the pliers. Quickly reposition the Adel pliers to capture the head of the bolt …. this allows the threads of the bolt to extend beyond the pliers just enough to thread on a nut.

This photo shows how repositioning the Adel clamp pliers to press on the head of the bolt will allow enough threads extend beyond the pliers to allow a nut to be threaded onto the AN3-3 bolt.

As one can see, clamping the bolt head with the Adel clamp pliers allows a nut to be threaded onto an AN3-3 bolt. Now remove the safety wire, final position the Adel clamps and finish tightening the nut and bolt.

As mentioned previously, completing Service Bulletin SB-00023 was not that difficult … but dealing with the two sets of double Adel clamps located in tight quarters is actually the most challenging aspect of replacing the WD-1221 upper engine mount standoff with the new WD-01221-1 standoff.


Wednesday, August 18, 2021

Completing Service Bulletin SB 19-08-26 Rev 2

Service Bulletin SB 19-08-26 Rev 2 involves replacement of the RV-12’s WD-1201 nose wheel gear leg. There have been a few RV-12 aircraft that have developed cracks in the nose wheel gear leg’s tubing which were not visible during inspections until the nose wheel gear leg became seriously compromised.  My understanding is that the cracking begins at an internal structure not visible to the eye during inspections. Van’s has redesigned the WD-1201 nose wheel gear leg and “theoretically” made the area where the cracking began much more robust …. The new part number for the redesigned nose gear leg is now WD-1201-1-RTR.

The new parts required to complete the service bulletin can be ordered from Van’s using part number SB-19-08-26 for the RV-12 or SB-19-0826iS for the RV-12iS. The DOG Aviation RV-12 required part number SB-19-08-26. As can be seen in the photo below, the kit contains the new WD-1201-1-RTR nose wheel gear leg, two drill bushings, an Adel clamp (used to support the lower radiator hose) along with a screw and nut for mounting the Adel clamp.

Contents of the service bulletin kit part number SB-19-08-26 …. The new WD-1201-1-RTR gear leg, two drill bushings and an Adel clamp with mounting hardware used to secure the radiator’s lower coolant hose.

A closer look at bag 981 containing the drill bushings and bag 982 containing the Adel clamp and mounting hardware that comes when ordering part number SB-19-08-26.

Also of note: In addition to needing the drill bushings used to drill mounting holes into the new gear leg, it is also necessary to procure LONG 18" drill bits sized 1/8", 1/4" and 3/8". The 18" long drill bits can be procured locally or ordered from Van’s using part numbers TOOL-00040, 41 and 42 respectfully.

Before the fun begins, there will be a need to procure an engine hoist. A big thanks to Tom a fellow RV builder at the airport who was kind enough to loan me his engine hoist (Tom is building a RV -10 just about ready for a maiden voyage).  Hoisting the Rotax 912ULS engine is accomplished by placing straps around the intake manifolds and using the straps to hoist the engine up. Prior to hoisting the engine much, remove the thirteen AN3-4 bolts from the nose gear’s fuselage mounting plate. At this point, Van’s suggests placing a padded sawhorse under the tail cone. This is because it is necessary to hoist the engine until the tail cone contacts the sawhorse, then hoist a little more to allow the isolation dampers to separate from the nose gear’s firewall mounting plate. While hoisting the engine, there will be a point where most of the weight is off the mounting bolts … when that happens, remove the bolts and slide the WD-1201 gear leg assembly down off the firewall.

Using an engine hoist to lift the engine via a strap passed under the intake manifolds so the WD-1201 nose wheel gear leg could be removed. Thank you Tom for loaning me the engine hoist.

After removing the old nose wheel gear leg assembly, the nose wheel fork & tire assembly is removed and moved to the new WD-1201-1-RTR nose wheel gear leg. (Do not perform the nose wheel break-out force adjustment at this time because the gear leg will be removed again after drilling). The new gear leg and wheel assembly is placed in position and four AN3-4 bolts are used to temporarily attach the gear leg to the bottom of the fuselage. Next blocks of wood ¾” to 1” thick are placed between the engine mount and the gear leg’s firewall mounting plate and the hoist is lowered to place weight on the nose wheel which, in turn, pushes the firewall mounting plate tight against the firewall. Continue lowering the hoist so the engine mounts are now pressing on the blocks of wood …. Thus forcing the gear leg assembly even tighter to the firewall and ready for drilling. The wood basically simulates the thickness of the isolation mounts.

The 3/4" blocks of wood can be seen here sandwiched between the nose gear’s firewall mounting plate and the lower engine mounting point. The engine weight pressure on the wood helps keep the gear leg’s mounting plate pressed tight to the firewall for the drilling process.

Because the new WD-1201-1-RTR gear leg comes with the firewall mounting plate undrilled ... it is necessary to match drill the new gear leg to the existing bolt holes in the firewall. This is where the drill bushings come into play. The existing mounting bolt holes in the firewall are 3/8" so it is necessary to begin by drilling a much smaller 1/8" lead hole. The small drill bushing is inserted into the existing mounting bolt hole and the long 1/8" drill bit is inserted through the center of the drill bushing so the lead hole will be drilled perfectly in the center of the existing 3/8" hole. Sounds simple right? Actually, it is  … once one figures out how to keep the drill bushing from falling out of the bolt hole in the firewall. One option that works quite well is to slide a sleeve over the 1/8" and 1/4"drill bits so the sleeve can be pushed into the aft side of the drill bushing … thus keeping the drill bushing firmly seated in the 3/8" bolt hole during the drilling process.

This photo shows the three long 18" drill bits used to drill into the WD-1201-1-RTR nose wheel gear leg mount. Note the 1/8" drill bit has a piece of brake line slipped over it and the 1/4" drill bit has a piece of vinyl tubing slipped over it. The brake line and vinyl tube allows the person drilling to push on the back of the drill bushing thus keeping it firmly seated during the drilling process.

A couple of drilling tips:

First tip:  I like drilling with Boelube because it is drawn to heat. I figured it would be hard to use liquid Boelube so I used solid Boelube instead. If one looks closely at the photo above, you can see strategically placed painters tape on the 1/8" and 1/4" drills … the tape is used as a marker so the drill bits don’t completely penetrate the bushings as can be seen above ... this allows the tip of the bushing to be packed with solid Boelube. The sleeve can then be held at the tape location without the drill bit pushing the Boelube out when seating the drill guide into the existing 3/8" bolt hole in the firewall. After drilling a while, the drill bit/ bushing was removed and repacked with more Boelube.

Second tip: Drilling the hardened steel of the landing gear mounting plate requires slow speed. Suggest not using a high speed air drill. This is one place where a high torque battery operated hand drill set to slow speed is your friend. (Thanks Bernie for loaning me your drill). Work on one hole at a time so that a bolt can be inserted through the gear leg mounting plate to assure nothing will move while drilling the second hole.

Unfortunately, I forgot to get a couple of photos of the drilling in progress, but it required a firm forward force. In order for me to see where I was drilling, it required sitting in the left seat while drilling the right hole … and vice versa. After both holes are drilled into the WD-1201-1-RTR nose wheel gear leg, the engine is hoisted once again so the gear leg can be removed for deburring. After deburring the WD-1201-1-RTR nose wheel gear leg, it is placed back in position and bolted in place using the thirteen AN3-4 bolts. Then the engine is moved up or down as necessary to allow the bolts to pass through the WD-1201-1-RTR nose wheel gear leg’s firewall mounting plate and through the engine’s isolation mounts. The torque range for the mounting bolts is between 160 -190 in lbs. (13.3 – 15.8 ft lbs.).  However, only initially tighten to 160 in lbs. and if a castellation lines up with the hole in the bolt your done … if not, continue tightening until the next castellation lines up with the hole in the bolt and install the cotter pins.

The new WD-1201-1-RTR nose wheel gear leg mounted to the firewall.

All that is left to do to complete the gear leg replacement job is adjusting the nose wheel breakout force to between 18-20 lbs. … then drill the nose gear leg for the cotter pin using a #30 drill bit. For determining the breakout force I use a Rapala digital fish scale and run a wire through the bolt holes in the nose wheel fork so the fish scale can be pulled on the centerline of the wheel. After the breakout force is established, the last step is to drill new holes into the gear leg for the cotter pin that locks the castle nut in place. Below is a photo showing the Rapala fish scale being used on the old style nose wheel fork (which has been changed out long ago for the stronger newer one).

Setting the nose wheel breakout force using a Rapala fish scale. The nose wheel fork’s castle nut is tightened against the Belleville washers until the breakout force is between 18 – 20 lbs. … I ended up a tad over 19 lbs. Note: This is a photo showing the old nose wheel fork but the measurement method using the Rapala fish scale is the same … a wire passed through the fork’s axle holes and pulling the fish scale to determine the breakout force, then tightening the castle nut to create more friction until the breakout occurs within the acceptable 18-20 lb range.

Service Bulletin SB 19-08-26 Rev 2 completed on the Dog Aviation RV-12. The bird is now sitting on the new WD-1201-1-RTR nose wheel gear leg.

All and all, replacement of the WD-1201 nose wheel assembly was not as difficult as I had envisioned … although drilling the bolt holes while sitting inside the cockpit was a little uncomfortable.